Engine starter and generator means



N 0 9, 1948. s. GILBERT ENGINE STARTER AND GENERATOR MEANS 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Aug. 28, 1946 NVE NTOR EfiML/E L E/LBEH T A .TToR NEY '3 5 GELBERT ENGINE STARTER AND GENERATOR MEANS 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Aug. 28, 1946 1 NVE NTOR 5/4M'UEL 5//. BE? 7 QATTORNEY- Npv. 9, 1948. s. GILBERT 2,453,215

ENGINE STARTER AND GENERATOR MEANS Filed Aug. 28, 1946 s Sheets-Sheet s INVENTOR SFIML/E L L-T/LBEHT -ATTORNEY- Patented Nov. 9, 1948 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE ENGINE STARTER AND GENERATOR MEAN S Samuel Gilbert, Cedar Grove, N. J., assignor to Bendix Aviation Corporation, Tet'erbor'o, N. J., a corporation ofDelayqare Application August 28, 1946, Serial No. 693,591

17 Claims.

This invention relates to engine starter and generator means, and particularly to means adapting a dynamo-electric machine to operate both as a motor for starting theengine and asa generator driven by the engine.

Such means, of Various forms and applications,

posed in inconvenient positions requiring the use of bevel gears and the like, are located in, or necessitate modification of, the engine housings with which they are associated, embody separate gear boxes between the engines and thestarters, have starter gearing which operates during the generating period, requires special lubrication and is subject to excessive wear and aresubject to other disadvantages.

A prior suggestion for aircraft starters involves the use, in the starter housing, of means for increasing the speed of the dynamo rotor, when operating as a generator, relative to its speed when operating as a motor, which suggestion calls for a circuit of lubricating oil between the engine crank case and the starter housing, thus carrying back into the crank case any metalparticles becoming detached from the speed increasing means or other elements of the starter, with consequent likelihood of damage to the engine.

It is an object of the present invention to avoid disadvantages of apparatus of the aforesaid character and to do so by novel effective means.

Another object is to conserve space, weight and cost, over a usual structure in which a starter and a separate generator are mounted on an engine, by novel means rendering the starter alsooperative as a generator.

Another object is to provide an engine starter and generator unit, in which the starter housing is free from generator speed increasingmeans therein requiring lubrication by oil from the crank case, and which is. effectively sealed against the ingress of the oil.

Another object is to avoid damage totheengine from particles carried thereto from the starter, as by the aforesaid oil circuit.

Another object is toprovide means of the aforesaid character adaptingthe dynamo andengine' shafts for end-to-end alignedv or, parallel relation to each other, to avoid the use of bevel gears and to provide other advantages.

Another object is to avoid the requirement for a separate gear box in a. device as aforesaid,

Another object is to facilitate the manufacture,

in one form;

2 assembly, mounting, replacement and repair of engine starter and generator means.

Another object is to preclude the requirement for an oil lubricating circuit between starter housing and the crank case and toavoid vantages other than that above mentioned resulting therefrom.

Another object is to provide a structure, free fromlsuch circuit, in which ajdynamo'electric'ma ,chine is adapted, by simple modification of only a small part of the structure, to have'anydes'ired motor and generatorlspeeds.

Another object of the invention is to provide novel engine starterand generator means which is readily adapted f'orgmounting on' engines of dif- .ferente gistin'g types ithout change finthe engines, such as an engine having separatelmountingsfor a starter and agenerator, respectively, relative to which the device hereof may be ,mounted either on the starter or thegenerat'or mounting, or an engine having a startermounting,

but .no generatormounting, on the startermounting of which the device hereof may be mounted.

Another object is to providel anengine startergeneratonin which the gearing does not operate during the generating perioi' the ncessity "for speci l Jubrigiation is precluded, and" excessive wearisprevented. l

Another object is to provide a device of the above-indicated character which islsirnp le and durable in construction, economical to na niesture, and effective initsioperatio n.

{Iheseand othenobjects and featurespfthe invention are pointed out in the following descriptionin terms of the embodimentsthe're of,which are shown in the accompanying drawings.

to beunderstood, however, that the drawings are forpurposes of illustration only, and are not designed as a definition of the limits of the invention, referencebeing had to the appended'claims forthis pu po ,Is th rawin Figure 1 is a side view, partially in section and partially in elevatiomof a starter structure and a portion of an engine, illustratingthe invention Figure 2 is a diagram of electric circuitsfor the structure;

Figure 3 is a view similar to a portion of Figure 1 showing amodification of the invention requiring change in only a comparatively 'small portion of the structure of Figure l; and

Figure 4 is a view similarto Figure 3 of a further modification requiring only a similar slight change.

shaft 56, respectively.

Referring to Figure 1, the device therein shown, comprises an assembly including, in general, an axially stationary rotatable spline nut Ill, a screw shaft I2 in the nut, a starter jaw clutch member I4 adapted, as by a spline connection I6, for rotation with and axial movement relative to the screw shaft I2, a spring I8, means 22 frictionally holding the jaw member I4 for axial movement by the screw shaft I2 through the intermediary of the spring I8 and sealing the starter against the admission of oil from the engine crank case, a rotatable drum 22 having a transverse end wall 23,- a disc clutch pack 24 around the drum having alternate or interspersed discs connected to the drum 22 and the nut II), respectively, and a non-rotative orbital gear 26.

The screw shaft I2, which has coarse thread relation to the nut Ill, is limited in its righthand movement, as shown, by the wall 23 and, in its left-hand movement by engagement of a shoulder 21 on the shaft I2 with a shoulder 29 on the nut ID.

The above-outlined assembly forms a single axial opening 28 through each and all of its aforesaid elements.

The device of Figure 1, further comprises, in general, planet gears 30 carried by trunnions 3| on the wall 23 of the drum 22 and engaging the orbital gear 26, and a driving shaft 32 extending through the opening 28, sealed by a feather seal 33 between the shaft 32 and the drum 22. The shaft 32 is adapted for operation by the engine, through a spline connection 34 to an engine jaw clutch element 36 secured to an engine shaft 38. The shaft 32, as shown in Figure l, is adapted as-an extension attachment of the engine shaft 33 rotatable therewith, and surrounded by the engine jaw element 36.

actuating the jaw member I4.

The shaft 56- is part of a dynamo-electric machine 58, herein referred to as a dynamo, which operative as a motor and as a generator, the shaft 56 being hollow and aligned with the driving shaft 32, and having a transverse slot 60.

Other elements of the dynamo 58, as shown, are generator and motor field windings 59 and BI, respectively, see Figure 2, an armature 63,- a commutator 65 and brushes 61.

Centrifugal clutch means 62 includes elements 64 and 65 carried by the driving shaft or engine shaft extension 32 and the hollow armature The element 64, which has a hub shoes TI, in a trough-like perimeter of the element 64, that are held in position by a garter spring I9 radially opposite a flange 8| of the element 66.

A starting pinion 68, rotatable with and. axially movable relative to the armature shaft 56 thereon, is connected to the shaft 56, as by a pin Ill extending through the slot 60. A spring "I2 opv 69 journaled by a bearing II in a stationary support I3, carries erates, between an end member I4 on the shaft 56 and the pin ill, to normally bias the starting pinion 68 to the right, as viewed in Figure 1, away from the reducing gear 54. A meshing rod I5 is axially slidably disposed in the hollow of the shaft 52 for moving the pin I0 and the starter pinion 68 against the action of the spring I2 to engage the pinion 68 to the reducing gear 54.

A solenoid I6, which isconnected in series with v the dynamo 53 when the latter is operative as a motor, includes an axially movable core I8 normally spaced from the meshing rod I5, by a gap 86, and adapted to be attracted to a stationary core 82, when the dynamo, conditioned as a motor,- and the solenoid are energized to move the meshing rod I4, as aforesaid, to engage the starter pinion 68 to the reducing gear 54.

In other particulars, the structure shown comprises an engine crank case 84 having an opening 86 and a starter mounting portion 88 around the opening 86,

As stated hereinabove, the engine, in this instance, may be of the type adapted'toreceive a starter, butnot a separate generator, inwhich case the invention, in its form of Figure 1, has a housing 90 including a flange 92 secured to the engine by studs 94.

If the engine of Figure 1, were. of the-"type having another opening similar tothe opening 86 and a mounting similar to'the' mounting 88 for receiving a generator, the latter opening wouldbe closed by a plate. It willlater appear herein how the invention may be adapted to fit the generator opening and mounting, in which case the starter opening would be closed by a plate. i j

The housing 90 comprises a shell-like inner end portion 96 having a flange 98 secured, with the housing, to the crank case 84 by the studs 94, and independently of the bolts to the housing 90, as by screws I00. I

The means 20 comprises a yieldable ring-like element I02 of material such as neoprene around a shank portion I04 of the jaw member I4, and has an axial inner portion held tightly against the shank I04, as by a garter spring I08. The means 20 is thus adapted as a unit, not germane to the present invention, having the dual function of sealing the starter against the ingress of oil from the crank case 84, and of frictionally holding the jaw member I4 for action by the screw shaft I2 engaging the latter to the engine jaw element 36. Additional friction means may be provided to augment the friction of the means 20, if necessary or desired.

The drum 22 is journaled, as by a bearing I08, in a portion I I0 of the housing 90, which portion III! has the orbital gear 26 fixed thereto.

Compression springs H2, in thedrum 22, act against a ring plate II4 bearing against the'discs of the clutch pack 24 and are adjusted by a ring nut H6 screw threaded to the drum therein. A nut II8, on the screw shaft I2, retains the starter jaw member I4 in position.

A portion I20 of the housing 90', having the stationary support Itv as a part thereof and secured to the housing portion III), as by screws I22, supports the bearing 48 and is secured, as by screws I24, to a dynamo housing portion I26 of the housing 90, between which housing portions I20 and I26 is clamped a partition I28 supporting the bearing 50. Another partition I30, secured to the dynamo housing portion I26, supports a bearing I32 for the armature shaft 56, which has another bearing I34 in anend wall I36 of the portion I26. A casing I38, secured-to the answers end wall I36 as by screws I40, encloses the cores 1-8 and '82 and a coil I42 of the solenoid 16.

Referring to Figure 2, the device further comprises a battery I44, a voltage regulator 146, a manually operable switch I48, located as in the cockpit of an airplane, an electrically closed changeover switch iii: for engaging contact members I52 and having a core I54, an actuating coil I56, and a spring I53 biasing the switch I50 to open position.

In operation, with the parts positioned-as'shown in Figures 1 and 2, as they are when the engine is operating, and when it is not operating-as will appear, assuming that the engine is not operating, and that it is'desired to start the engine, the switch I48 is closed by the operator.

This action, referring to Figure 2, establishes a circuit from the positive side of the battery I44, through the switch I43 and the coil I56 to ground, whereupon the switch 560 engages the contact members I52. Also, the coil I42 is connected from the positive side of the battery through'the switch I48 to ground. 7

Energization of the coil I42 attracts the movable armature 18, see also Figure 1, to close the gap 80 and move the meshing rod 14 to the left, as'shown.

Engagement of the contact members I52 by the switch I50, establishes a circuit from the positive side of the battery I44 through the motor field winding 6|, Figure 2, one of the brushes 61, the commutator'65, the armature 63 and the other brush 61 to ground, thus shunting the generator field windin 59 out of circuit and operating the dynamo 58 as a motor.

Referring to Figure 1, substantially simultaneously with the starting of the dynamo as a motor, the meshing rod 14 pushes the pin 10, against the action of the spring 12, to engage the starter pinion 68 to the speed reducing gear 54, rotation of which is transmitted, through the means 46, to the pinion 52. Movement of the pinion 52 is transmitted to'the gear member 49, and by the latter, through its sun gear 42, to the planet gears 30.

Since the planet gears are carried by the drum 22 and engage the stationary orbital gear 26,the reaction caused by this arrangement results in rotation of the drum 22.

Rotation of the drum operates, through the intermediary of the friction clutch pack 24, to rotate the axially fixed nut I0. With the screw shaft I2 splined by the connection -16 to the clutch member I4, and the latter engaged by the friction seal means 2i), the first turning of the barrel 22 and the nut It causes the screw shaft I 2 to' advance to the left, from the position shown, to engage the jaw member I4 to the engine jaw element 36, subsequent to which, with the shou1 'der '21 in engagement with the shoulder 29, the member I4 drives the element 35 and the engine shaft 38 to normally start the engine.

When the engine starts, the jaw clutch element 36 thereof overrides the starter clutch jaw member I4 against the action of the spring IB-and, when the switch 348, Figure 2, is opened, the element'SEi earns the member I4 in a usual manner back to the position shown. If the engine shaft 3.8 for any reason abnormally resists turning, or if the engine backfires, the reaction is absorbed in the starter by the'disc clutch pack 24.

When-the engine starts, and the switch-I48 is opened, as aforesaid, the circuits of Figure '2-are as shown, and the driving shaft 32 rotates at engine speed.

When this speed :reaches a predetermined value, thegar terspring 1-9 of the clutch means .62 yields to centrifugal movement of the shoes 1:I and the latter :engage the iflange 8I of the element 66 onithearmature shaft 56, whereupon the dynamo '58 is operated as :a generator, with its circuits conditionedasxshown in Figure 2. Under this condition, with the switch .I 50 open, the motor field-winding .BI is deenergized, and the armatureEB and the-generator field winding 5910f the dynamo -58 are connected between ground and the positive side of the battery I44 through the Voltage regulator I 46.

Referring to Figure 3, in which corresponding parts are designated by corresponding reference numerals, the partial structure, therein shown, illustrates -.the only changes necessary in the structure of Figure 1 to adapt the invention for cooperation with generator speed increasing gears IIiBand I68 in an enginecrank case I10. In this instancepthe gear Ififiis fixedlto an engine shaft I12. and the gear I68is fixed to a stub shaft I14 forming apart-ofthe motor-generator unit.

The latter is generally the same as in Figure '1, with exceptions, such as .a housing portion .or adapter I16 secured to the housin portion H0 and including .a portion I18 enclosing bearings I80, and having a flange I82 secured to the crank case I19. .Anotherexception resides in the fact that, in this instance, a. clutch jaw element 184, corresponding to the jaw element .36,.instead .of being on-the crank shaft, is part of thestub-shaft I 14.

In this form, (with the remainder of the unit identicalwith-that of Figure l,.the speed. of .the generator driving shaft 32 is increased above enginerspeed and the starting speed of the engine shaft =I:12 is reduced. By merely changing-the ratios of the other gearsin the housing .90, the

starting speedof the .engineshaft I12 may be made'the same as in Figure l.

Also,:in theform ofFigure'B, the jaw element 36=0f the device of Figure 1 may be removedror allowed toremain in place, and theopening :86 of Figure 1 be covered by .aplate.

Referring-to Figuree, in whic'hthe partsare similarly designatedthe partial. structure, therein shownyillustratesthe only changes necessarydn the structure of Figure 1 whereby a generator drivingshaft I86,:corresponding toithe shaft-.32, is aligned with an i engine shaft IE8 for starting theengine at the same speed as in Figure 1, and operatingthe dynamo as: a generator. at increased speed.

This result is accomplished by providing an engine clutch onjaw-element I 9Il'with an internal gear II92, '-an'rl planet gears I94 engaging a sun gear ISIS-"and carriedby a ringI'98'mounted,;as by an anti-frictionbearing 200,- on the shaft I86. "A starter clutch jaw member 202- corresponds to, but, in this instance, is larger in diameter than the-member f I 4 of Figure- 1.

Although onlythree embodiments of v the invention have been illustrated and described, various ehanges'in'the'form andrelative arrangements of the parts, which will now appear :to those skilledin the art; may be made without departing from-the scope of the'invention. Referenceuis, therefore, to be 'had to the appended .claimsifor. a definition of the 'limits -0f*the invention.

lfln an -'engine starter, the combination of an assembly comprising an axially stationary rotatable nut,- a"screw-shaft* inwsaidnut astarter I jaw -member adapted for rotation with and axial movement relative to the screw shaft, a rotatable drum, a disc clutch pack having discs connected to said drum and said nut, respectively, and a non-rotative orbital gear, said assembly forming a single axial opening through its aforesaid elements, planet gears carried by said drum and engaging said orbital gear, a driving shaft extending through said opening and adapted-for operation by the engine, a rotatable gear member carrying a sun gear portion around said driving shaft engaging said planet gears, rotatable means carrying a pinion engaging said rotatable gear and having a speed-reducing gear, a dynamo operative as a motor and as a generator and including a hollow armature shaft aligned with said 3 driving shaft and having a transverse slot, centrifugal clutch means having elements carried by said driving shaft and said hollow armature shaft, respectively, a starting pinion rotatable with and axially -movable relative to said hollow shaft, means including a meshing rod in said hollow shaft connected through said slot to said starting pinion, means normally biasing said starting pinion away from said reducing gear, and a solenoid in series with said dynamo when operative as a motor and adapted to actuate said meshing rod to engage said starting pinion to said reducing gear.

2. In an engine starter, the combination of an assembly comprising an axially stationary rotatable nut, a, screw shaft in said nut, a starter jaw member adapted for rotation with and axial movement relative to the screw shaft, a rotatable drum, a disc clutch pack having discs connected to said drum and said nut, respectively, and a non-rotative orbital gear, said assembly forming a single axial opening through all of its aforesaid elements, planet gears carried by said drum and engaging said orbital gear, a driving shaft extending through said opening and adapted as an engine shaft extension attachment rotatable therewith surrounded by an engine jaw element, a rotatable gear member carrying a sun gear portion around said engine shaft extension engaging said planet gears, rotatable means carrying a pinion engaging said rotatable gear and having a speed-reducing gear, a dynamo operative as a motor and as a generator and including a hollow armature shaft aligned with said extension and I having a transverse slot, centrifugal clutch means having elements carried by said extension and said hollow armature shaft, respectively, a starting pinion rotatable with and axially movable relative to said hollow shaft, means including a meshing rod in said hollow shaft connected through said slot to said starting pinion, means normally biasing said starting pinion away from said reducing gear, and a solenoid in series with said dynamo when operative as a motor and adapted to actuate said meshing rod to engage said starting pinion to said reducing gear.

3. The combination with an engine comprising a generator drive gear train including an engine speed input gear and a higher speed output gear, of a starter comprising an assembly including an axially stationary rotatable nut, a screw shaft in said nut, a starter jaw member adapted for rotation with and axial movement relative to the screw shaft, a rotatable drum, a disc clutch pack having discs connected to said drum and said nut, respectively, and a non-rotative orbital gear, said assembly forming a single axial opening through all of its aforesaid elements, planet gears carried by said drum and engaging said orbital gear, a jaw element adapted to be carried with said output gear for cooperation with said jaw member to start the engine, a driving shaft extendin through said opening and adapted for connection to said output gear, a rotatable gear member carrying a sun gear portion around said driving shaft engaging said planet gears, rotatable means carrying a pinion engaging said rotatable gear and having a speed-reducing gear, a dynamo operative as a motor and as a generator and including a hollow armature shaft aligned with said driving shaft and having a transverse slot, centrifugal clutch means having elements carried by said driving shaft and said hollow armature shaft, respectively, a starting pinion rotatable with and axially movable relative to said hollow shaft, means including a meshing rod in said hollow shaft connected through said slot to said starting pinion, means normally biasing said starting pin ion away from said reducing gear, and a solenoid in series with said dynamo when operative as a motor and adapted to actuate said meshing rod to engage said starting pinion to said reducing gear.

4. The combination with an engine comprising a jaw element having an internal input gear of a gear train, of a starter comprising an assembly including an axially stationary rotatable nut,.a

screw shaft in said nut, a starter jaw member adapted for cooperation with said jaw element and for rotation with and axial movement relative to the screw shaft, a rotatable drum, a disc clutch pack having discs connected to said drum and said nut, respectively, a non-rotative orbital gear, said assembly forming a single axial opening through all of its aforesaid elements, planet gears carried by said drum and engaging said orbital gear, a driving shaft extending through said opening and carrying an output gear member of said train, a rotatable gear member carrying a sun gear portion around said driving shaft engaging said planet gears, rotatable means carrying a pinion engaging said rotatable gear and having a speed-reducing gear, a dynamo operative as a motor and as a generator and including a hollow armature shaft aligned with said driving shaft and having a transverse slot, centrifugal clutch means having elements carried by said driving shaft and said armature shaft, respectively, a ring-like member around said driving shaft in said engine jaw element, an intermediate gear of said train journaled on said ring-like member, a starting pinion rotatable with and axially movable relative to said hollow shaft, means including a meshing rod in said hollow shaft connected through said slot to said starting pinion, means normally biasing said starting'pinion away from said reducing gear, and a solenoid in series with said dynamo when operative as a motor and adapted to actuate said meshing rod to engage said starting pinion to said reducing gear.

5. In engine starting means, the combination of an engine crank case, a crank shaft and an element in said case driven by the crank shaft at a predetermined speed, a starter housing having a portion outside said case and a portion therein, means sealing the latter portion against the ingress of oil from the case to the housing, means extending through said sealing means sealed thereby and including a shaft portion in said housing extending in the direction of the engine shaft and carrying connecting means in said case adapted to connect said shaft portion to said element for operation at said speed, means including clutch members operative for action engaging each other and rotation toturn the crank shaft to start the engine and for disengaging each other after the engine starts, at least one of said clutch members being connected to said connecting means, means including a dynamo-electric machine operative as a motor effecting said rotation when said clutch members are engaged, and means providing for connecting said shaft portion to said dynamo-electric machine when said clutch members are disengaged fordriving the dynamo-electric machine as a generator at said speed,

6. In an engine starter, the combination of a shaft adapted to be driven by means in the engine, a dynamo operative as a motor and as a generator and includin an armature shaft aligned with said first shaft, an engine starting pinion rotatable with and axially movable relative to said armature shaft, a jaw member having axial movement into engagement with a cooperating jaw element and rotatable to start the engine, means for causing said axial movement, transmission means connected between said starting pinion and said jaw member for rotating the latter and including a friction clutch, and gear reducing means having a reducing gear adapted for operation by said pinion, means normally biasing said pinion out of engagement with said reducing gear, centrifugal clutch means having elements carried by said first shaft and said armature shaft, respectively, and means operative to engage said starting pinion to said reducing gear.

7. In an engine starter, the combination of a shaft adapted to be driven at engine speed, a dynamo operative as a motor and as a generator and including an armature shaft aligned with said first shaft, an engine starting pinion rotatable with and axially movable relative to said armature shaft, a starter jaw member having axial movement into engagement with an engine jaw' element and rotatable to start theengine, means for causing said axial movement, transmission means connected between said starting pinion and said jaw member for rotating the latter and including a friction clutch, and gear reducing means having a reducing gear adapted for operation by said pinion, means normally biasing said pinion out of engagement with said reducing gear, centrifugal clutch means having elements carried by said first shaft and said armature shaft, respectively, and means operative to engage said starting pinion to said reducing gear.

8. In an engine starter, the combination of a shaft adapted. to be driven from the engine by means exteriorly of the starter at a speed greater than engine speed, a dynamo operative as a motor and as a generator and including a shaft aligned with said first shaft, an engine starting pinion rotatable with and axially movable relative to said armature shaft, a jaw element, a jaw mem her having axial movement into engagement with said jaw element and rotatable to start the engine, means for causing said axial movement, transmission means connected between said starting pinion and said jaw member for rotating the latter and including a friction clutch, and gear reducing means having a reducing gear adapted for operation by said pinion, means normally biasing said pinion out of engagement with said reducing gear, centrifugal clutch means having elements carried by said first shaft and said armature shaft, respectively, and means operative to engage said starting pinion to said reducing gear.

9. In an engine starter, the combination of means exteriorly of the starter adapted to be driven by the engine at a speed greater than engine speed, a shaft driven by said means, a dynamo operative as a motor and as a generator and including an armature shaft aligned with said first shaft, an engine starting pinion rotatable with and axially movable relative to said armature shaft, a starter jaw member having axial movement into engagement with an engine jaw element and rotatable to start the engine, means for causing said axial movement, transmission means connected between said starting pinion and said jaw member for rotatingv the latter and including, a friction clutch, and gear reducing means having a reducinggear adapted for operation by said pinion, means normally biasing said pinion out of engagement with said reducing gear, centrifugal clutch means having elements carried by said first shaft and said armature shaft, respectively, and means operative to engage said starting pinion to said reducing gear. [a

10. In engine starting'means, the combination of an engine shaft, an engine starting clutch element adapted for connection to said shaft, a cooperating engine starting clutch member, means for engaging said element and said member-to each other to start the engine and disengaging the same after the engine starts, said member being adapted for rotative action when said element and said member are engaged to'start the engine, a dynamo including an armature shaft, means for rendering the dynamo operative as a motor to effect said rotative action, a driving shaft extending through said clutch member rotatable relative thereto and adapted, for connection to said engine shaft for operation thereby, and means adapted to connect said driving and armature shaft-s to each other for drivingjsaid dynamo as a generator when the engine is running and said elementand member aredisengaged from each other and to disconnect -said driving and armature shafts; from each other during starting of the engine. r

11. In engine starting means, the combination of an engine shaft, an engine starting clutch element adapted for mounting on said shaft, a cooperating engine starting clutch member, means for engaging said element and member to each other to start the engine and disengaging-,lthe same after the engine starts, said member'being adapted for rotative action when ,said element and said member are engaged to start the engine, a dynamo including an armature shaft, means for rendering the dynamo operative as a motor to effect said rotative action, a driving shaft adapted for connection to said engine-shaft in alignment therewith and to be driven by the engine shaft at engine speed, said driving shaft being surrounded by said clutch element and extending through said clutch member rotatable relative to the latter, and means adapted ,to connect said driving and driven shafts to each other for driving said dynamo as a generator when the engine is running and said elementand member are disengaged from each other and to disconnect said driving and armature shafts from each other during starting of the engine.

12. In engine starting means, the combination of an engine shaft, transmission gearing adapted for connection to "said shaft, an engine starting clutch element adapted for connection to said gearing, a cooperating engine starting clutch member, means for engaging said element and said member to each other to start the engine and disengaging the same after the engine starts, said member being adapted for rotative action when said element and said member are engaged erative as a motor to effect said rotative action, a driving shaft extending through said clutch member rotatable relative thereto and adapted for connection to said engine shaft for operation "thereby, and means adapted to connect saiddriving and armature shafts to each other for driving 'said'dynamo asa generator when the engine is running and said element and member are disengaged from each other and to disconnect said driving and armature shafts from each other during starting of the engine.

13. In engine starting means, the combination of an engine shaft, an engine starting clutch element adapted for mounting on said shaft and having an internal gear portion, a cooperating enginestarting clutch member, means for engaging said element and said member to each other to start the engine and disengaging the same after the engine starts, said member being adapted for rotative action when said element and member are engaged to start the engine, a dynamo including an armature shaft, means for rendering the dynamo operative as a motor to effect said rotative action, a driving shaft having a gear -p ortion adapted for engagement with said internal gear portion and extending through said 'clutch' member rotatable relative to the latter,

and means adapted to connect said driving and armature shafts to each other for driving said dynamo as a generator when the engine is running and said element and member are disengaged from each other and to disconnect said driving and armature shafts from each other during starting of the engine. 7

14.111 engine starting means, the combination of an engine shaft, an engine starting clutch element adapted for moiinting on said shaft and having an internal gear portion, a cooperating 1;

engine starting clutch member, means for engaging said element' and said member to each other to start the engine and disengaging the same after the engine starts, said member being adapted for rotative action when said element and member are engaged to start the engine, a dynamo including an armature shaft means for rendering the dynamo operative as a 'motor to efiect said rotative action, a driving shaft having agear portion and extending through said clutch member rotatable relative to the latter, a gear between and engaging said gear portions, and

'means adapted to connect said driving and armature shafts to eachother for driving saiddynarno as a generator when the engine is running and said element and member are disengaged from eachother and to disconnect said driving and. armature shafts from each other during starting of the engine,

15. In engine starting means, thecombination 'of an engine shaft, an engine starting clutch element adapted for mounting on said shaft and having an internal gear portion, a cooperating rendering thedynamo operative as a motor to effect said rotative action, a'driving shaft having a gear portion and extending through said clutch member rotatable relative to the latter, a gear between and engagingsaid gear portions, means responsive to a, predetermined speed ofsaid driving shaft for connecting the latter to the armature shaft for driving the dynamo as a generator, and means adapted to disconnect said driving and armature shafts frorn'each other during starting of the en'gine. i

16. In engine starting means, the combination with an engine'shaft, and a gear train including a gear wheel carried by the engine shaft and a gear connected to said wheel, of an engine starter "containing a clutch element carried with said gear, a starter clutch member, means adapting said element and member for action engaging each other and rotation to start the engine and for disengaging each other, means including a dynamo-electric machine operative as a motor through the intermediary of said geartrain erfecting said rotation when said element and member are engaged, driving means connected to said gear, and means providing for connecting said driving means to said dynamo when said element and member are disengaged.

17. In engine starting means, the combination with an engine shaft, and a gear train including a gear wheel carried by'the engine shaft and gear connected tosaid wheel, of an engine starter containing a clutch element carried with said REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of .this patent: 1 I

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 7 1,370,005 Conrad Mar. 1, 1921 FOREIGN PATENTS I Number Country Date member are disengaged.

France Apr. 22, 1930 

